What Is Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs?

Congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs occurs when the heart can't pump blood efficiently, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs, abdomen, or limbs. This condition can affect either the left or right side of the heart:​

• Left-sided CHF: Fluid accumulates in the lungs (pulmonary edema), causing coughing and difficulty breathing.

• Right-sided CHF: Fluid gathers in the abdomen (ascites) or limbs, leading to swelling.​

Canine CHF is often a progression of underlying heart diseases and can significantly impact a dog's quality of life.​

What Causes Congestive Heart Failure in Dogs?

Several factors can lead to CHF in dogs:​

1. Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease (MMVD): A common cause in small breeds, where the mitral valve deteriorates, leading to blood leakage and heart enlargement.

2. Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): Seen in large breeds, the heart muscle becomes weak and enlarged, impairing its ability to pump blood.

3. Congenital Heart Defects: Structural abnormalities present at birth, such as ventricular septal defects.

4. Heartworm Disease: Parasites that damage the heart and pulmonary arteries.

5. Arrhythmias: Irregular heartbeats that affect the heart's efficiency.

6. Pericardial Effusion: Fluid accumulation around the heart, hindering its function.

7. High Blood Pressure: Puts extra strain on the heart, leading to failure over time.​

Genetics, age, and breed play significant roles in a dog's risk for developing CHF.​

Note: This article is for informational purposes and does not replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult your veterinarian for medical concerns.